{"id":29229,"date":"2023-05-03T07:15:35","date_gmt":"2023-05-03T04:15:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.plantmaster.ro\/blog\/?p=29229"},"modified":"2023-05-03T07:15:36","modified_gmt":"2023-05-03T04:15:36","slug":"varza-chinezeasca-tot-ce-trebuie-sa-stii-despre-cultivarea-ei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.plantmaster.ro\/blog\/legumicultura\/varza-chinezeasca-tot-ce-trebuie-sa-stii-despre-cultivarea-ei\/","title":{"rendered":"Varza chinezeasc\u0103 \u2013 tot ce trebuie s\u0103 \u0219tii despre cultivarea ei<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Varza chinezeasc\u0103, av\u00e2nd denumirea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 de Brassica pekinesis<\/em>, cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i sub denumirea de bok choy sau pak choy, este tot mai popular\u0103 \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, ea reg\u0103sindu-se adeseori \u00een supermarketuri. De asemenea, tot mai mul\u021bi \u00eencep s\u0103 o cultive, fie \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103 pentru autoconsum, fie pe suprafe\u021be mari pentru comercializare. Este u\u0219or de cultivat, iar recoltarea c\u0103p\u0103\u021b\u00e2nilor se face la 50-70 de zile de la \u00eenfiin\u021barea culturii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce cerin\u021be ecologice are varza chinezeasc\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Varza chinezeasc\u0103 este \u00eencadrat\u0103 la categoria de plante pu\u021bin preten\u021bioase fa\u021b\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103. Temperaturile optime pentru germinarea semin\u021belor de varz\u0103 chinezeasc\u0103 sunt situate \u00eentre 15\u00b0 C \u0219i 25\u00b0 C. \u00cen cazul temperaturii de 15\u00b0 C semin\u021bele de varz\u0103 chinezeasc\u0103<\/a><\/strong> germineaz\u0103 \u00een 10 zile, iar la 25\u00b0 C, germineaz\u0103 \u00een 6 zile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O amplitudine termic\u0103 diurn\u0103 de 5-6\u00b0 C le confer\u0103 plantelor vigoare, iar o sc\u0103dere a temperaturilor sub 16\u00b0 C pe o perioad\u0103 mai lung\u0103 de 13 ore sau seceta prelungit\u0103 duc la dezvoltarea tulpinilor florifere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Varza chinezeasc\u0103 prefer\u0103 temperaturile de 16-22\u00b0 C, temperatura minim\u0103 pe care o suport\u0103 este de 8\u00b0 C, iar cea maxim\u0103 este de 33\u00b0 C. Pragul minim de la care plantele mature de varz\u0103 chinezeasc\u0103 sunt afectate de \u00eenghe\u021b este de -7\u00b0 C, pentru perioade scurte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este recomandat ca \u00eenfiin\u021barea culturii de varz\u0103 chinezeasc\u0103 s\u0103 se fac\u0103 \u00een locuri ad\u0103postite, pentru ca plantele s\u0103 nu fie afectate de v\u00e2nturile puternice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Din punct de vedere al luminii, este bine s\u0103 \u0219tii c\u0103 varza chinezeasc\u0103 este o plant\u0103 de zi scurt\u0103, sub 12 ore, cu cerin\u021be ridicate fa\u021b\u0103 de lumin\u0103, prefer\u00e2nd locurile \u00eensorite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este o plant\u0103 cu cerin\u021be ridicate fa\u021b\u0103 de umiditatea din sol, ea prefer\u00e2nd solurile reavene. Este obligatorie irigarea prin picurare sau aspersie. Lipsa apei \u00een fenofaza critic\u0103 poate afecta procesul de formare a c\u0103p\u0103\u021b\u00e2nii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Varza chinezeasc\u0103 are cerin\u021be moderate spre ridicate fa\u021b\u0103 de sol, ea veget\u00e2nd bine pe soluri mijlocii-u\u0219oare, fertile (bogate \u00een materie organic\u0103), bine drenate, reavene, af\u00e2nate. Prefer\u0103 solurile luto-nisipoase, aluviale, argilo-nisipoase, lutoase. Suport\u0103 greu solurile grele-compacte, cum sunt cele argiloase \u0219i argilo-lutoase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suport\u0103 solurile cu pH \u00eentre 5.5 \u0219i 7.5, dar ideal este solul neutru, de 6,7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cum se cultiv\u0103 varza chinezeasc\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Cultura timpurie de varz\u0103 chinezeasc\u0103 se planteaz\u0103 la \u00eenceputul lunii mai, prin r\u0103sadurile produse \u00een r\u0103sadni\u021be calde, solarii calde, sere calde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cultura t\u00e2rzie de varz\u0103 chinezeasc\u0103 se planteaz\u0103 \u00een intervalul 20 iunie-15 iulie, prin r\u0103sad produs \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103 (sau \u00een r\u0103sadni\u021be reci) pe straturi sau \u00een t\u0103vi\u021be alveolate (sem\u0103nat pe 5-10 mai).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sem\u0103natul semin\u021belor de varz\u0103 chinezeasc\u0103 se face la o ad\u00e2ncime de 0.7-1.2 cm, \u00een t\u0103vi\u021be alveolate cu latura de 5 cm sau pe straturi \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dup\u0103 sem\u0103nat, semin\u021bele se ud\u0103 cu grij\u0103 cu o solu\u021bie de fungicid, Previcur Energy<\/a><\/strong>, care are rolul de a preveni apari\u021bia c\u0103derii r\u0103sadurilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u0103sadurile trebuie s\u0103 fie bine dezvoltate \u0219i c\u0103lite la plantare \u0219i s\u0103 aib\u0103 40-50 de zile de la r\u0103s\u0103rire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru e\u0219alonarea recoltei culturii, se pot \u00eenfiin\u021ba culturi din 20 mai p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een iulie, la 10-15 zile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Distan\u021ba de plantare \u00eentre r\u00e2nduri este de 40-80 cm, iar distan\u021ba \u00eentre plantele de pe r\u00e2nd este de 35-60 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dup\u0103 5-7 zile de la plantare, se verific\u0103 spa\u021biile unde nu s-au prins r\u0103sadurile \u0219i se planteaz\u0103 noi r\u0103saduri \u00een golurile r\u0103mase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plantele care sunt bune premerg\u0103toare pentru cultura de varz\u0103 chinezeasc\u0103 sunt tomatele, vinetele, ardeiul, castrave\u021bii, fasolea \u0219i maz\u0103rea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lucr\u0103ri de \u00eengrijire necesare<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a combate buruienile \u0219i pentru af\u00e2narea solului, se recomand\u0103 efectuarea de pr\u0103\u0219ile manuale \u0219i mecanice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recoltarea se face pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce varza chinezeasc\u0103 a atins dimensiunile specifice variet\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se recomand\u0103 efectuarea periodic\u0103 a combaterii bolilor \u0219i d\u0103un\u0103torilor specifici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Boli \u0219i d\u0103un\u0103tori \u00een cultura de varz\u0103 chinezeasc\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Principalele boli care afecteaz\u0103 aceast\u0103 cultur\u0103 sunt: c\u0103derea pl\u0103ntu\u021belor, rugina alb\u0103, mana verzei, f\u0103inarea cruciferelor, p\u0103tarea neagr\u0103, putregaiul uscat, putregaiul cenu\u0219iu \u0219i bacterioza \u2013 nerva\u021biunea neagr\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Principalii d\u0103un\u0103tori ai verzei chineze\u0219ti sunt: buha verzei, fluturele alb al verzei, musca verzei, musculi\u021ba alb\u0103 de ser\u0103, musculi\u021ba alb\u0103 a verzei, puricii cruciferelor, p\u0103duchele cenu\u0219iu al verzei, melcii f\u0103r\u0103 cochilie \u2013 limaxul cenu\u0219iu, coropi\u0219ni\u021ba, c\u00e2rti\u021ba \u0219i g\u0103rg\u0103ri\u021ba tulpinilor de varz\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Varza chinezeasc\u0103, av\u00e2nd denumirea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 de Brassica pekinesis, cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i sub denumirea de bok choy sau pak choy, este tot […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":29230,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1653],"tags":[519,1841,1851],"class_list":["post-29229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-legumicultura","tag-legume","tag-legumicultor","tag-legumicultura"],"yoast_head":"\nVarza chinezeasc\u0103 \u2013 tot ce trebuie s\u0103 \u0219tii despre cultivarea ei - Plantmaster<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Varza chinezeasc\u0103 este tot mai popular\u0103 \u00een Rom\u00e2nia. 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