{"id":29655,"date":"2025-01-28T19:22:03","date_gmt":"2025-01-28T17:22:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.plantmaster.ro\/blog\/?p=29655"},"modified":"2025-01-28T19:22:04","modified_gmt":"2025-01-28T17:22:04","slug":"combaterea-bolilor-si-daunatorilor-la-porumb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.plantmaster.ro\/blog\/agricultura\/combaterea-bolilor-si-daunatorilor-la-porumb\/","title":{"rendered":"Combaterea bolilor \u0219i d\u0103un\u0103torilor la porumb<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Porumbul, av\u00e2nd denumirea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 Zea Mays<\/em>, este una dintre principalele specii cerealiere \u0219i se cultiv\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga lume. Porumbul este popular datorit\u0103 plasticit\u0103\u021bii ecologice \u0219i a compozi\u021biei sale chimice. Se utilizeaz\u0103 \u00een industria alimentar\u0103, furajarea animalelor \u0219i \u00een industria alcoolului. Se adapteaz\u0103 bine la condi\u021biile de secet\u0103 \u0219i la c\u0103ldura excesiv\u0103, r\u0103spunde bine la irigare \u0219i fertilizare \u0219i cultura de porumb este atacat\u0103 de pu\u021bine boli \u0219i d\u0103un\u0103tori.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Principalele boli la porumb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Exist\u0103 c\u00e2teva boli care pot ataca porumbul. Bolile porumbului se \u00eempart \u00een: bacterioze, micoze \u0219i viroze. Iat\u0103 care sunt acestea \u0219i cum le po\u021bi preveni \u0219i combate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bacterioze<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Putregaiul moale al tulpinilor de porumb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 boal\u0103 se manifest\u0103 pe tulpina plantei. Pe zonele din apropierea nodurilor apar pete \u00eenchise, cu o dimensiune de 10-20 cm. \u021aesuturile atacate de aceast\u0103 boal\u0103 se descompun, iar planta \u00ee\u0219i pierde rezisten\u021ba mecanic\u0103. Frunzele care sunt dispuse deasupra locului atacat se usuc\u0103, iar r\u0103d\u0103cinile cap\u0103t\u0103 o culoare ro\u0219iatic\u0103 \u0219i devin sf\u0103r\u00e2micioase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a preveni \u0219i combate aceast\u0103 boal\u0103, este necesar s\u0103 se realizeze rota\u021bia corect\u0103 a culturilor, s\u0103 se cultive hibrizi rezisten\u021bi la boal\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 se utilizeze s\u0103m\u00e2n\u021b\u0103 de porumb<\/a><\/strong> certificat\u0103, provenit\u0103 dintr-o surs\u0103 sigur\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Micoze<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00cenflorirea alb\u0103 a boabelor<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 ciuperc\u0103 atac\u0103 plantele de porumb \u00een toate fazele de vegeta\u021bie. Atacul caracteristic al ciupercii se manifest\u0103 pe \u0219tiule\u021bi. \u00cen urma atacului, semin\u021bele crap\u0103 \u0219i boabele au aspect de popcorn. Semin\u021bele care nu se sparg sunt acoperite cu un miceliu roz. Boala se poate manifesta \u0219i \u00een depozite \u0219i se transmite prin semin\u021bele infectate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a preveni \u0219i combate boala, este necesar s\u0103 se realizeze rota\u021bia corect\u0103 a culturilor, fertilizarea echilibrat\u0103, tratamentele aplicate la s\u0103m\u00e2n\u021b\u0103 utiliz\u00e2nd fungicide<\/a><\/strong> specifice, iar porumbul s\u0103 fie depozitat \u00een condi\u021bii optime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0103tarea cenu\u0219ie a frunzelor<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 boal\u0103 se manifest\u0103 \u00een zonele cu umiditate \u0219i temperaturi ridicate, \u00een anii nefavorabili produc\u00e2nd pagube de peste 20%. Se manifest\u0103 prin apari\u021bia unor pete mari, ovale, m\u0103rginite de un halou brun pe frunze. Aceste pete se extind, se unesc \u0219i acoper\u0103 suprafe\u021be mari de pe frunz\u0103. C\u00e2nd vremea este umed\u0103, pe suprafa\u021ba petelor apare un mucegai fin, care reprezint\u0103 fructifica\u021biile ciupercii. C\u00e2nd vremea este uscat\u0103, frunzele se usuc\u0103, \u021besuturile atacate se rup \u0219i produc sf\u00e2\u0219ierea frunzelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a preveni \u0219i combate aceast\u0103 boal\u0103, este necesar\u0103 efectuarea ar\u0103turii ad\u00e2nci de toamn\u0103, respectarea densit\u0103\u021bii optime \u0219i a rota\u021biei corecte a culturilor, cultivarea hibrizilor rezisten\u021bi \u0219i aplicarea tratamentelor cu fungicide specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Putregaiul tulpinilor \u0219i \u0219tiule\u021bilor<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 boal\u0103 se \u00eent\u00e2lne\u0219te \u00een zonele temperate \u0219i umede. \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, este prezent\u0103 \u00een toate regiunile geografice. Atac\u0103 plantele \u00eenc\u0103 din faza de plantul\u0103. Atacul pe tulpin\u0103 se manifest\u0103 pe internodiile bazale, care se \u00eeng\u0103lbenesc \u0219i apoi devin brune. Cel mai frecvent, boala atac\u0103 \u0219tiule\u021bii, acoperindu-i cu un mucegai roz \u0219i invad\u00e2nd boabele cu miceliu. Semin\u021belor le scade facultatea germinativ\u0103 \u0219i acestea devin \u0219i\u0219tave. Dac\u0103 umiditatea este ridicat\u0103, \u0219tiule\u021bii putrezesc \u00een \u00eentregime. Porumbul atacat de fuzarioz\u0103 este toxic \u0219i produce intoxica\u021bii at\u00e2t la oameni, c\u00e2t \u0219i la animale. Boala se transmite prin s\u0103m\u00e2n\u021ba infectat\u0103 \u0219i prin miceliul r\u0103mas pe resturile vegetale sau pe sol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a preveni \u0219i combate boala, este necesar s\u0103 se realizeze rota\u021bia corect\u0103 a culturilor \u0219i s\u0103 se aplice tratamente la s\u0103m\u00e2n\u021b\u0103, utiliz\u00e2nd fungicide specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Putregaiul uscat al \u0219tiule\u021bilor<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ciuperca atac\u0103 plantele \u00een c\u00e2mp \u0219i depozit. Simptomele se manifest\u0103 prin putrezirea uscat\u0103 a rahisului (coceanului), care devine sf\u0103r\u00e2micios. Boabele sunt \u0219i\u0219tave, u\u0219oare \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 luciu. Boala se recunoa\u0219te c\u00e2nd semin\u021bele nu se desprind de pe \u0219tiulete, chiar dac\u0103 acesta este foarte flexibil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a preveni \u0219i combate aceast\u0103 boal\u0103, este necesar\u0103 dezinfec\u021bia spa\u021biilor de depozitare, folosirea \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103mintelor<\/a> <\/strong>organice bine fermentate \u0219i aplicarea la s\u0103m\u00e2n\u021b\u0103 a tratamentelor cu fungicide specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rugina porumbului<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ciuperca apare spre finalul perioadei de vegeta\u021bie. Simptomele sale includ apari\u021bia unor forma\u021biuni galbene, denumite pustule. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce boala evolueaz\u0103, aceste pustule devin brun-negricioase. Frunzele plantelor atacate de boal\u0103 se \u00eeng\u0103lbenesc \u0219i se usuc\u0103, reduc\u00e2nd astfel capacitatea de fotosintez\u0103 a plantei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a preveni \u0219i combate aceast\u0103 boal\u0103, este necesar s\u0103 se efectueze ar\u0103tura de baz\u0103, s\u0103 se respecte sem\u0103natul la epoc\u0103 \u0219i densitatea optim\u0103, s\u0103 se cultive hibrizi rezisten\u021bi \u0219i s\u0103 se aplice tratamente cu fungicide specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0103ciunele comun<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Este o boal\u0103 care atac\u0103 toate organele plantei, fiind mai frecvent \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 pe \u0219tiule\u021bi, panicul \u0219i pe tulpin\u0103. Pe organele atacate apar tumori de diferite forme \u0219i m\u0103rimi, care con\u021bin sporii ciupercii. la \u00eenceput, aceste tumori sunt moi, iar odat\u0103 cu evolu\u021bia bolii, ele se sparg \u0219i elibereaz\u0103 porii, care ajung pe sol \u0219i produc infec\u021bii \u00een anii urm\u0103tori. Organele atacate de boal\u0103 se deformeaz\u0103, iar procesele fiziologice din plant\u0103 sunt \u00eencetinite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a preveni \u0219i combate aceast\u0103 boal\u0103, se recomand\u0103 efectuarea rota\u021biei corecte a culturilor, fertilizarea echilibrat\u0103, cultivarea hibrizilor rezisten\u021bi, utilizarea semin\u021belor certificate \u0219i aplicarea tratamentelor cu fungicide specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0103ciunele inflorescen\u021belor de porumb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ciuperca aceasta atac\u0103 inflorescen\u021bele plantei, distrug\u00e2ndu-le \u0219i transform\u00e2ndu-le \u00eentr-o mas\u0103 negricioas\u0103 de spori. Boala are evolu\u021bie rapid\u0103, iar c\u00e2nd membrana care acoper\u0103 sporii se rupe, ace\u0219tia sunt elibera\u021bi. Plantele atacate de aceast\u0103 boal\u0103 au talia redus\u0103 \u0219i ajung mai t\u00e2rziu la maturitate dec\u00e2t plantele s\u0103n\u0103toase. Aceast\u0103 boal\u0103 provoac\u0103 pagube \u00eensemnate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a preveni \u0219i combate boala, este necesar s\u0103 se realizeze rota\u021bia corect\u0103 a culturilor, fertilizarea echilibrat\u0103, s\u0103 se cultive hibrizi rezisten\u021bi, s\u0103 se utilizeze semin\u021be certificate \u0219i s\u0103 fie aplicate tratamente cu fungicide specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Viroze<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Mozaicul european<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Este o viroz\u0103 care apare \u00een special \u00een anii seceto\u0219i \u0219i c\u0103lduro\u0219i. Principalele simptome apar c\u00e2nd talia plantelor are 50-60 cm, iar acestea se manifest\u0103 sub forma unor pete de culoare verde deschis, care apar la baza frunzelor tinere. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce boala evolueaz\u0103, petele se unesc \u0219i formeaz\u0103 dungi galbene, paralele cu nervurile, iar asta creeaz\u0103 un aspect mozaicat al plantei. Plantele atacate au talia redus\u0103, sunt sterile sau produc doar cantit\u0103\u021bi mici de semin\u021be. Virusul se transmite prin costrei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a preveni \u0219i combate aceast\u0103 boal\u0103, este necesar s\u0103 se efectueze rota\u021bia corect\u0103 a culturilor, combaterea costreiului utiliz\u00e2nd erbicide<\/a><\/strong> specifice, precum \u0219i combaterea afidelor r\u0103spunz\u0103toare cu transmiterea acestei viroze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Principalii d\u0103un\u0103tori ai culturii de porumb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Buha sem\u0103n\u0103turilor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Acest d\u0103un\u0103tor are dou\u0103 genera\u021bii pe an \u0219i ierneaz\u0103 ca larv\u0103 \u00een sol. Este o specie polifag\u0103 \u0219i poate ataca mai multe specii de plante, precum gr\u00e2ul, orzul, floarea-soarelui \u0219i sfecla de zah\u0103r. Larvele sale se hr\u0103nesc \u00eent\u00e2i cu p\u0103r\u021bile aeriene ale plantei, dup\u0103 care p\u0103trund \u00een sol \u0219i rod galerii \u00een zona coletului. Ca urmare a atacului, plantele mor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a combate acest d\u0103un\u0103tor, se recomand\u0103 efectuarea ar\u0103turii ad\u00e2nci de toamn\u0103, tratamentul semin\u021belor \u00eenainte de sem\u0103nat \u0219i aplicarea tratamentelor \u00een vegeta\u021bie utiliz\u00e2nd insecticide<\/a><\/strong> specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00e2ndacul negru al porumbului<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Acest d\u0103un\u0103tor dezvolt\u0103 o genera\u021bie la trei ani \u0219i ierneaz\u0103 ca larv\u0103 sau adult \u00een stratul superficial al solului. Adul\u021bii s\u0103i atac\u0103 planta \u00een stadii diferite de dezvoltare. Ei rod cavit\u0103\u021bi \u00een zona coletului, \u00eentrerup\u00e2nd astfel circula\u021bia sevei \u00een plant\u0103. Ca urmare a atacului, plantele se ofilesc. Atacul se manifest\u0103 \u00een vetre, iar larvele nu sunt periculoase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru combaterea acestui d\u0103un\u0103tor, se recomand\u0103 efectuarea ar\u0103turii ad\u00e2nci de toamn\u0103, cultivarea hibrizilor rezisten\u021bi \u0219i realizarea tratamentelor utiliz\u00e2nd insecticide specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u0103custa c\u0103l\u0103toare<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Aceast\u0103 specie polifag\u0103 prezint\u0103 o plasticitate ecologic\u0103 ridicat\u0103. Dezvolt\u0103 doar o genera\u021bie pe an \u0219i ierneaz\u0103 ca ou \u00een stratul superficial al solului. Atacul s\u0103u este agresiv asupra majorit\u0103\u021bii plantelor de cultur\u0103. L\u0103custa c\u0103l\u0103toare atac\u0103 p\u0103r\u021bile aeriene ale plantei \u0219i las\u0103 intacte tulpinile groase \u0219i tari. Este o specie extrem de periculoas\u0103 \u0219i greu de comb\u0103tut, \u00eentruc\u00e2t atac\u0103 sub form\u0103 de colonie, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t poate distruge zeci de hectare de cultur\u0103 \u00een doar c\u00e2teva ore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru combaterea acestui d\u0103un\u0103tor, se recomand\u0103 monitorizarea popula\u021biei de l\u0103custe, \u00een cazul \u00een care cultura se afl\u0103 \u00een apropierea zonelor de risc, cum este Delta Dun\u0103rii, precum \u0219i efectuarea tratamentelor de avertizare cu insecticide specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Omida fructifica\u021biilor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Acest d\u0103un\u0103tor dezvolt\u0103 2-3 genera\u021bii pe an \u0219i ierneaz\u0103 ca larv\u0103 \u00een sol. Este o specie polifag\u0103 \u0219i atac\u0103 peste 120 de specii de plante cultivate. Ini\u021bial, larvele consum\u0103 m\u0103tasea, iar apoi consum\u0103 boabele din v\u00e2rful \u0219tiule\u021bilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a combate acest d\u0103un\u0103tor, este recomandat s\u0103 se evite monocultura, s\u0103 se realizeze ar\u0103tura ad\u00e2nc\u0103 de var\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 se aplice tratamentele cu insecticide specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0103duchele verde al cerealelor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Acest d\u0103un\u0103tor dezvolt\u0103 15-20 genera\u021bii pe an \u0219i ierneaz\u0103 ca ou pe orz sau pe speciile spontane. Adul\u021bii \u0219i larvele colonizeaz\u0103 frunzele \u0219i tulpinile \u0219i sug seva din \u021besuturile acestora. Pe frunzele atacate apar pete ro\u0219ii, iar frunzele se r\u0103sucesc \u0219i apoi se usuc\u0103. Atacurile puternice din toamn\u0103 duc la uscarea plantelor, iar atunci c\u00e2nd atacul are loc \u00een perioada form\u0103rii boabelor, acesta determin\u0103 sc\u0103derea produc\u021biei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a combate acest d\u0103un\u0103tor, este recomandat s\u0103 se semene \u00een epoca optim\u0103, s\u0103 se distrug\u0103 buruienile \u0219i s\u0103 se aplice tratamente atunci c\u00e2nd se g\u0103sesc peste 10 indivizi pe o plant\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u0103\u021bi\u0219oara porumbului<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Este un d\u0103un\u0103tor care dezvolt\u0103 o genera\u021bie pe an \u0219i ierneaz\u0103 ca adult \u00een sol. Adul\u021bii acestui d\u0103un\u0103tor apar la finalul lunii martie, atunci c\u00e2nd temperaturile trec de 9\u00b0C. De\u0219i este o specie polifag\u0103, provoac\u0103 daunele cele mai mari \u00een cazul culturii de porumb. Adul\u021bii rod frunzele din faza de r\u0103s\u0103rire, dar nu mai reprezint\u0103 un pericol odat\u0103 ce planta a format 4 frunze adev\u0103rate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a combate acest d\u0103un\u0103tor, se recomand\u0103 tratarea semin\u021belor \u00eenainte de sem\u0103nat, efectuarea ar\u0103turii ad\u00e2nci de iarn\u0103, sem\u0103natul timpuriu \u0219i aplicarea tratamentelor \u00een vegeta\u021bie, folosind insecticide specifice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sfredelitorul porumbului<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Are dou\u0103 genera\u021bii pe an \u0219i ierneaz\u0103 ca larv\u0103 \u00een cocenii de porumb. Adul\u021bii acestui d\u0103un\u0103tor apar la finalul lunii iunie \u0219i depun ponta pe partea inferioar\u0103 a frunzelor. Dup\u0103 ce eclozeaz\u0103, larvele se hr\u0103nesc cu paniculul plantei, dup\u0103 care p\u0103trund \u00een interiorul tulpinii \u0219i \u00eei consum\u0103 m\u0103duva. Dezvoltarea plantei este \u00eencetinit\u0103 ca urmare a atacului, iar tulpinile sale se pot fr\u00e2nge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a combate acest d\u0103un\u0103tor, se recomand\u0103 arderea resturilor vegetale r\u0103mase \u00een urma recolt\u0103rii, efectuarea ar\u0103turii ad\u00e2nci de toamn\u0103, cultivarea soiurilor hibride rezistente \u0219i aplicarea tratamentelor cu insecticide specifice atunci c\u00e2nd jum\u0103tate dintre plante prezint\u0103 perfora\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Viermele vestic al r\u0103d\u0103cinilor de porumb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Are o genera\u021bie pe an \u0219i ierneaz\u0103 ca ou \u00een stratul superficial al solului, \u00een apropierea plantelor de porumb. Larvele sale apar \u00een luna mai \u0219i se hr\u0103nesc cu r\u0103d\u0103cinile de porumb. Ca urmare a atacului, sistemul radicular este distrus \u0219i apare fenomenul de c\u0103dere a plantelor. Adul\u021bii perforeaz\u0103 frunzele \u0219i dup\u0103 aceea se hr\u0103nesc cu polen \u0219i m\u0103tase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a combate acest d\u0103un\u0103tor, este recomandat\u0103 efectuarea rota\u021biei corecte a culturilor, utilizarea capcanelor feromonale \u00een vederea evit\u0103rii \u00eemperecherii adul\u021bilor \u0219i aplicarea tratamentelor atunci c\u00e2nd pe o plant\u0103 se g\u0103sesc mai mult de 10 adul\u021bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Viermii s\u00e2rm\u0103<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Viermii s\u00e2rm\u0103 sunt larvele g\u00e2ndacilor pocnitori. Aceste insecte ierneaz\u0103 \u00een sol ca larv\u0103 de diferite v\u00e2rste \u0219i au o genera\u021bie la 4-5 ani. Sunt foarte periculo\u0219i din cauz\u0103 c\u0103 atacul lor nu poate fi identificat repede. Acest d\u0103un\u0103tor consum\u0103 sistemul radicular, ceea ce determin\u0103 ofilirea \u0219i moartea plantei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a combate viermii s\u00e2rm\u0103, este necesar s\u0103 se efectueze ar\u0103tura ad\u00e2nc\u0103 de toamn\u0103, s\u0103 se realizeze tratamentul semin\u021belor \u00eenainte de sem\u0103nat, s\u0103 se realizeze cultivarea \u00een rota\u021bie a unor specii mai pu\u021bin atacate (cum sunt maz\u0103rea, fasolea, rapi\u021ba, soia \u0219i mu\u0219tarul) \u0219i s\u0103 se efectueze tratamentele cu insecticide specifice.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Porumbul, av\u00e2nd denumirea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 Zea Mays, este una dintre principalele specii cerealiere \u0219i se cultiv\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga lume. Porumbul este […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":29656,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1658],"tags":[1630,1788,531],"class_list":["post-29655","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agricultura","tag-agricultura","tag-cereale","tag-porumb"],"yoast_head":"\nCombaterea bolilor \u0219i d\u0103un\u0103torilor la porumb - 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